[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
of any other State; nor any State be formed by the
junction of two or more States, or parts of States,
without the consent of the legislatures of the
States concerned as well as of the Congress.
(2) The Congress shall have power to dispose of
and make all needful rules and regulations
respecting the territory or other property belong-
ing to the United States; and nothing in this Consti-
tution shall be so construed as to,prejudice any
claims of the United States, or of any particular
State.
SECTION 4 The United States shall guarantee
to every State in this Union a republican form
Page 111
ABC Amber Palm Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abcpalm.html
of government, and shall protect each of them
against invasion; and on application of the legisla-
ture, or of the executive (when the legislature can-
not be convened) against domestic violence.
Article V
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both
Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose
amendments to this Constitution, or, on the appli-
cation of the legislatures of two thirds of the sev-
eral States, shall call a convention for proposing
amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid
to all intents and purposes, as part of this Consti-
tution, when ratified by the legislatures of three
fourths of the several States, or by conventions in
three fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode
of ratification may be proposed by the Congress:
Provided that no amendment which may be made
prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and
eight shall in any manner affect the first and
fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first arti-
cle; and that no State, without its consent, shall be -
deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate.
Article VI
SECTION I All debts contracted and engage-
ments entered into, before the adoption of this
Constitution, shall be as valid against the United
States under this Constitution, as under the
Confederation.
SECTION 2 This Constitution, and the laws of
the United States which shall be made in pursu-
ance thereof: and all treaties made, or which shall
be made, under the authority of the United States,
shall be the supreme law of the land; and the
judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any-
thing in the constitution or laws of any State to the
contrary notwithstanding.
SECTION 3 The Senators and Representatives
before mentioned, and the members of the several
State legislatures, and all executive and judicial
officers, both of the United States and of the sev-
eral States, shall be bound by oath or affirmation
to support this Constitution; but no religious test
shall ever be required as a qualification to any
office or public trust under the United States.
Article VII
Page 112
ABC Amber Palm Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abcpalm.html
The ratification of the conventions of nine States,
shall be sufficient for the establishment of this
157
Constitution between the States so ratifying the
same.
DONE in Convention by the unanimous consent
of the States present the seventeenth day of
September in the year of our Lord one thousand
seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the inde-
pendence of the United States of America the
twelfth.
158
Pennsylvania.
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
ROBERT MORRIS
THOMAS FITZSIMONS
JAMES WILSON
THOMAS MIFFLIN
GEORGE CLYMER
JARED INGERSOLL
GOUVERNEUR MORRIS
In Witness whereof We have hereunto subscribed
our Names.
GEORGE WASHINGTON
President and deputy from Virginia
New Hampshire.
JOHN LANGDON -
NICHOLAS GILMAN
Massachusetts.
NATHANIEL GORHAM
RUFUS KING
New Jersey.
WILLIAM LIVINGSTON
DAVID BREARLEY
WILLIAM PATERSON
JONATHAN DAYTON
Georgia.
WILLIAM FEW
ABRAHAM BALDWIN
Connecticut.
WILLIAM SAMUEL,
JOHNSON.
Page 113
ABC Amber Palm Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abcpalm.html
ROGER SHERMAN
New York.
ALEXANDER HAMILTON
Maryland.
JAMES MCHENRY
DANIEL CARROL
DANIEL OF ST. THOMAS
JENIFER
Virginia.
JOHN BLAIR
JAMES MADISON JR.
North Carolina
WILLIAM BLO
HUGHWILLIAM
RICHARD DOBBI
SPAIGHT
South Carolina.
JOHN RUTLEDGE
CHARLES PINCKNEY
CHARLES COTESWORTH
PINCKNEY
PIERCE BUTLER
Delaware.
GEORGE READ
JOHN DICKINSON
JACOB BROOM Attest:
GUNNING BEDFORD, JR.WILLIAM JACKSON,
RICHARD BASSETT Secretary
160
ARTICLES in addition to and AMENDMENTS of the
Constitution of the United States of America, pro-
posed by Congress, and ratified by the legislature
of the several States, pursuant to the fifth article of
the original Constitution.
Article 1*
Congress shall make no law respecting an estab-
lishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exer-
cise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or
of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to
assemble, and to petition the government for a
redress of grievances.
Article H
Page 114
ABC Amber Palm Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abcpalm.html
A well regulated militia, being necessary to the
security of a free State, the right of the people to
keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.
Article HI
No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in
any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in
time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by
law.
Article IV
The right of the people to be secure in their per-
sons, houses, papers, and effects, against unrea-
sonable searches and seizures, shall not be vio-
lated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon
*The first ten Amendments were adopted in 1791.
161
probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation,
and particularly describing the place to be
searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Article V
No person shall be held to answer for a capital,
or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a pre-
sentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in
cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the
militia, when in actual service in time of war or
public danger; nor shall any person be subject for
the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life
or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case
to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of
life, liberty, or property, without due process of
law; nor shall private property be taken for public
use, without just compensation.
Article VI
In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall
enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an
impartial jury of the State and district wherein the
crime shall have been committed, which district
shall have been previously ascertained by law,
and to be informed of the nature and cause of the
accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses
against him; to have compulsory process for
obtaining witnesses in his favour, and to have the
assistance of counsel for his defense.
Article VII
Page 115
ABC Amber Palm Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abcpalm.html
In suits at commoii law, where the value in con-
troversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of
162
trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by
a jury shall be otherwise reexamined in any court
of the United States, than according to the rules of
the common law. ,
Article VHI
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor exces-
sive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punish-
ments inflicted.
Article IX
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain
rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage
others retained by the people.
Article X
The powers not delegated to the United States by
the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States,
are reserved to the States respectively, or to the
people.
Article XI*
The judicial power of the United States shall not
be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity,
commenced or prosecuted against one of the
United States by citizens of another State, or by
citizens or subjects of any foreign State.
*Ratified in 1795; proclaimed in 1798.
163
[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]